Logistics and Transport

The Infrastructure Behind Exports

Types of Cargo Ships

Bulk Carriers

Ships specialized in transporting bulk products like sugar

Capacidade: 60,000 - 200,000 tons

Dry Containers

Transport of coffee in bags and packaged products

Capacidade: 1,000 - 20,000 TEU

Refrigerated Containers

For products requiring temperature control

Capacidade: 200 - 2,000 TEU

Main Export Ports

Port of Santos (SP)

Largest port in Latin America

Produtos:

Sugar, Coffee, Soybeans

Capacidade:

4.8 million TEU/year

Port of Paranaguá (PR)

Main export corridor of the South

Produtos:

Sugar, Soybeans, Corn

Capacidade:

1.2 million TEU/year

Port of Vitória (ES)

Important for ore and coffee

Produtos:

Coffee, Sugar, Ore

Capacidade:

800 thousand TEU/year

Port of Itaqui (MA)

Northeast Gateway

Produtos:

Sugar, Soybeans, Corn

Capacidade:

600 thousand TEU/year

Warehouses and Deposits

Bulk Silos

Vertical storage for bulk sugar

Capacidade típica: 10,000 - 100,000 tons

Customs Warehouses

Warehouses for products awaiting export

Capacidade típica: 5,000 - 50,000 tons

Refrigerated Warehouses

Conservation of temperature-sensitive products

Capacidade típica: 1,000 - 20,000 tons

Domestic Transport

Transport Modes

Road

70%

Main mode for domestic transport

Rail

25%

Growing use in some regions

Waterway

Used in specific regions

Transport Characteristics

Average Distances

• Farm → Warehouse: 50-200 km
• Warehouse → Port: 200-800 km
• Average time: 2-5 days

Logistics Costs

• Represent 15-25% of final price
• Fuel: largest component
• Tolls and port fees

Seasonality

• Peak during harvest (May-Sep)
• Higher transport demand
• Freight rate increases

Challenges and Opportunities

Port Infrastructure

Need for modernization and capacity expansion

Logistics Costs

Reduction of transport and storage costs

Sustainability

Implementation of environmentally responsible practices

Digitalization

Automation and digital process control

Logistics Numbers

180M

Tons handled/year

Organized ports

1.200

Private terminals

15%

Logistics cost of GDP